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' B. J. WILSON 8v A. A. WOOD. BRICK' MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 1.7, 1888.

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B. J. WILSON aUfA. A.; Woon. BRIGK MAGHINB.

PatentedJan. 1'7, 1888.

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B.J W1LsoN& A. A. Woon. BRICK MACHINE.

No. 376,460. Patented Jan, 17', 1888.

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. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

BENJAMIN J. VILSON AND ALBERT A. WOOD, OF ATLANTA, GEORGIA;

. SAID W'OOD ASSIGNOR TO SAID WILSON.

BRICK-'MACHINE SPECIFLICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 376,460, dated January 17, 1888.

Application mea March 25, Iscr.

To all whom it 11m/,y concern:

Be it known that we, BENJAMIN J. WILsON,

, a subject of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, and ALBERT A. WOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Atlanta, in the county of Fulton and State of Georgia, have invented a new and useful Brick-Machine5 and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description Of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of brickmachines in which the bricks are made from dry orsemi-dry clay, having especial reference to an improved brick-machine application for Letters Patent for which was made by the said Benjamin J. Wilson On the 30th day of June,

1886, and is No. 206,753 of the series of 1880. f

rIhe object of this invention is to so improve several ofthe details shown i'n that application as to make. the machine more simple, durable, and more easily operated.

The invention consists, briefly, 'of au improved arrangement of the toggles, improved construction of the molds and forms of dies, mechanism for `moving the charger, pressing the bricks,aud pushing them out of the molds,

.also other details, as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation showing the gearing, actuating-crank, the toggles, the cam-arm, and connection for moving the charger, the crank for regulating the holding capacity of the molds, and a portion of the cam for pushing the bricks out of the molds and the driving-pulley, the clutch being shown in other 'gures. Fig. 2 is a vertical crosssection through the beam, dies, the molds, the table, the charger, and hopper, and showing the means by which the motion is communicated from the rock-shaft ofthe cam-lever to the charger, and the guides in which the slideson the beam run, as well as a portion of the frame. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line :v fr, Fig. 2, showing the frame, the guides, and a portion of the beam Serial No. 232,453. (No model.)

with the slides. Fig. 4 shows a girder f or the end of the frame nearest which it is shown in the drawings. Fig. 51s a view of the righthand end of the machine as shown in Fig. 1, partly in section, showing the beams,.dies, molds, rock-shaft, connecting-rods, and other parts, but not showing the gearing or the pulley, or those parts of the machine that are near the left-hand end of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line y y, Fig. 5, showing the cam and swinging arm by which the cam and lower arm are raised to push the bricks out of the molds and the wedge and screw by which the holding capacity of the molds is governed. Fig. 7 is a detail showing the rolling-fulcrum, which is attached to and forces upwardly the lower beam. Fig. 8 is a side view of the upper die and a brick, the brick being in central section.. Fig. 9 is a vertical cross-section through the upper die and a briclnpassing through two opposite vent-holes in the die. Fig. 10 is a view of the molds, partly in section. Fig. 1l is a brick in perspective, showing the panel in the top. Fig.

12 is one side of the clutch and beltrpulley, showing the end of the shaft. Fig. 13 is a side view of the clutch and belt-pulley, partly in section. Fig. 14 is a view of the inner side of the clutch-pulley. Fig. 15 is a horizontal section on the line z z, Fig. 14.

In the iigures, like reference-marks referring to like parts in the several views, the parts shown are as follows: f

The sills A are shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 6, and the upright partsBof the frame are shown in the same figures and also in Figs. 2 and 3.

These sills and uprights, with the braces C,

cranks, being tied to the rock-shaft by the armf, and the outer ends forming journals for the connecting-rods G. The pins h pass through the cranks d and e, each connecting a crank d and a crank e, and forming on the outer end journals for the fulcrums H and on IOO the inner end journals for the arms J of the horizontal toggle composed of the arms J and K.

Between the inner ends of the pins his a sufficient space for the swinging arm L, by contact with which the cam raises the lower beam and pushes the bricks out of the molds, the cam being prevented from pushing the arm beyond a vertical position by the rollei N, journaled on the girder b'. A portion of the surface of the cam M is composed of the arm m., hinged at one end to the cam M by the pivot m' and adjustably secured at the other end by the bolt a and the washers n. rlhe toggle J K is journaled at the end opposite the pins L on the piu O, which is secured in its open boxes by the eyebolts q, Fig. 1, thus carrying the strain of this toggle to a point on the frame near the journal-box of the rockshaft D. On the k nuckle-pin of the toggle J K is journaled the pitman l), which connects it with the crank Q. Motion is communicated to the crank Q from the pulley R by gearing, the pulley R being loose on the shaft e and driving that shaft by means of the clutch shown in Figs. 12, 13, 14, and l5. Theinnerside ofthe rim of the pulley R is the surface for the frict-ional contact ofthe segments s. Each of the two segments marked s has a radial slide, S, which slides in a rectangular opening in the rim S', which otherwise resembles a pulleyrim, on the outer or projecting side of which (see Fig. 13) may be applied a brake. The levers U are hinged to the inner ends of the slides S, and have as fulcrums the pins it in the lugs a, and at the outer end are hinged to the forked arms Y, into which are secured the extension-pieces o, which are provided at their abutting ends with hooks o'. In a circular opening in the end of the shaft of the pulley R isa loosely-fitted plug, \V. Near the inner end of the plug V is a mortise, and in the shaft is a corresponding, though somewhat longer, mortise, into which the extension-pieces yv enter and meet, the hooks e entering the recess in the slot, as shown in Fig. 13. The drawing outwardly of the plug \V will draw inwardly the segments s, when the pulley running loosely will not turn the shaft. On the plug being pushed inwardly to the position shown in Fig. 13 the togglearms V will be straightcned and force the segments into contact with the inner surface of the riin-pnlley R with sufficient pressure to produce enough friction to cause the pulley to turn its shaft.

It is desirable that the toggles V should straighten in order that they will not force the plug outwardly by the force coming from the segments s, which may be insured by the screwing out or in of the extension-pieces e.

The crank-pin F is connected to the pin i, extending through the upper beam, B, Figs. 1, 2, and 5, by the pitmen Gr. rlhe wrists h carry the rollers 7L', which engage with the lower ends of the rolling-fulcrums H. The rolling-fulcrums are pivoted to the pins c', Figs. 1, 2, and 5, in the lower beam, G', and

have downwardly-projecting arms H, Figs. 1 and 7, to insure the engagement of the roller with its lower end.

On the central portion of the rock-shaft is a cam, which consists of the segmental part having a uniform radius, and the adjustable part m, hinged on the pivot in and adjusted by means of the washers a and bolt n, Fig. 6. Attached to the lower beam is the arm L, which has a roller at'its lower end, and is pivoted at its upper end to the beam. The dies being closed, as shown in these figures, to open them the rock-shaft revolves baekwardly, as shown by the arrow, Fig. 6, and, carrying the cani M against the roller in the arm L, raises the beam G, and with it the dies, thus forcing the bricks out of the top ofthe molds. Therolier N prevents the arm being forced back by the cam beyond a vertical position when forcing the bricks out. A portion of the cam isa segment of a circle which causes the beam, while the roller is passing over the segment, to remain stationary a suiticient length of time to allow the bricks to be pushed off of the dies, as will be hereinafter fully described, and the segment is of such length only as will permit it, in that backward movement, to pass entirely out from under the roller l, thus allowing the roller to drop back on the wedges D', which, by adjustment, will govern the height at which the beam stops. The rock-shaft in all of its movements is actuated by the crank Q through the pitman P and toggle J K, and in the backward movement just described will raise the upper beam, B', toa height that will allow the charger to pass under.

It will be observed in Fig. 1 that the rollers f are placed on journals on the ends of the pins t through the upper beam. These rollers work in slotted cams in the arms F' that are fastened to the shaft E'. To the shaft E are also fastened the arms c', which are connected at their lower ends by links g to the charger G. This charger receives a supply of clay from the chute ll', and operates substantially the saine as that shown in the application of 15. J. \Vilson, hereiubefore referred to, but is actuated by a vertical movement of the upper beam, B, through the roller j", the cams in the arm F, the rock-shaft E', the arms e', and the links g, the charger being allowed to rest for a short time under the chute by the parallelism of the faces of the lower part of the cam and the line of motion of the'rollerfC The series of molds in which the bricks are pressed are formed of two side pieces, K', the partition-pieces J, the end pieces, I', the Babbitt or other easily-melted metal, 7c, and the bolts t' and j. The end pieces, I', rest against the frame. The frame, being prevented from spreading by the bolts j, will prevent the spreading of these end pieces. lThe bolts i are somewhat tapering, and the holes through which they are inserted are of about uniform size throughout their length. rlhe partitions J have vertical grooves in their ends, and the side pieces, K', have coincidental grooves in IIO their inner sides, into which a soft metal is cast to prevent the displacement sidewise of the partitions byany unequal pressure that might occur on their two sides. These vertical grooves may communicate with the holes through which the bolts t' pass, by reason of which the Babbitt metal will fill the space around the bolts and give additional security against displacement of the partitions. These molds arepreferably made of chilled cast-iron, and are constructed in this Way in order that the surfaces that require to be finished will have no projections.

The upper dies are'markedo and the lower dies p. The upper dies have on their faces an inclined projection, o', which projection is` principally over the end of the mold'that the charger passes over last as it enters. It is found by practice that this end of the mold will contain less clay than the other, and this projection, forming the panel in the brick x, as

same density throughout the brick and ansWer all ofthe purposes for which brick are paneled.

The wedges D', upon which the lower beam drops after the cam M shall have finished its work, are moved endwise, which movement adjusts the lower stoppingpoint of the beam, and consequently the holding capacity of the molds, by the screws r, one of which yscrews is shown in Fig. 6. The screws are actuated by cranks i", and are connected by the chain r on sprocket-Wheels on the screwshaft r, which causes the Wedges to move uniformly with each other. .f e

It will be observed in these drawings, as well as in the drawings in the application of B. J. Wilson, hereinbefore mentioned, that the toggles by which the rock-shafts are operated are so arranged as to exert their effective force very nearly in the line of motion of the pivot by which they are attached to the rock-shaft, thereby reducing the consequent strain to a minimum, and that the power that is required to compress the clay into bricks is caused to increase in force by a system of toggles and cranks that might be used in any machine f or compressing any object offering au increasing resistance. It will be observed inthis device that one end of the toggley has a stationary pivotal abutment, and consequently that all of its ends, and the connecting-rods H and G,

combined and operating substantially as described.

2. As a means of operating the reciprocating charger, the rock-shaft E', having arms e connected to the charger, and arms F', provided With cams at their free ends, in combination with a reciprocating beam of a brickmachi ne,substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose specied.

3. In a brick-machine, to force the bricks from the molds, the combination of the molds, the beam O', carrying dies p, the swinging larm L, the roller N, and the cam M, having adjustable part m, substantially as shown and described.

4. In a brick-machine, as a means of regulating the holding capacity of the molds, the combination of the molds and the diecarrying beams C with the wedges D', the screwshafts r, carrying cranks 1'", and sprocket-wheels for the chain r, constructed substantially as described to operate thewedges simultaneously on both sides of the machine.

5. In a briclmnachine, forming mechanism consisting of molds and dies, the dies for forming one side of the brick having a sloping projection adapted to equalize the density of the brick pressed from clay of` unequal density, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a brick-machine, a mold-box consist ing ofthe parts J and K', having coincidental grooves, the metal plugs le, and the bolts i', combined substantially as shown and described.

VIn testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two'witnesses.

BENJAMIN J. WILSON. ALBERT A. WOOD.

. Vitnesses:

HARRY KRoUsE, WM. W, ANsTELL. 

